How To Get Samal

Samal Island is located off the east coast of Davao , by hopping on a public banca near Sasa Bridge (1hr; P20). Jeepneys marked "Sasa" will take you to within spitting distance of the boat station., just 10 minutes or so by boat from Davao City. It’s one of my favorite places to go and do a little exploring. You can find everything on Samal from beach resorts to caves full of fruit bats! It’s really a diverse place.

But, how do you get there? I hear this question from visitors from time to time. There is no bridge connecting Samal to the City, the only way to get there is by boat. At the top of this post, you will see a photo of the “Island City Express” bus. This is probably the easiest way to get to Samal if you are traveling without your own vehicle. Around the Agdao area of Davao is where you can catch the Island City Express bus service. The bus will then carry you to the Sasa area and onto a ferry that will bring you to Samal. After leaving the ferry, you will be close the Babak, Samal, and the final destination will be Penaplata where you will get off the bus.

If you wan to take your own vehicle to Samal, you can take the same ferry, which you will catch in Sasa, Davao City. For around P300 or so, you can bring your vehicle across (the ferry ride is a little longer than on a banca, it takes about 20 minutes or a little more perhaps). I have enjoyed bringing vehicle there, because you then get a chance to drive around the island quite a bit and see more scenery than you can if you are on foot.

Another way to get to Samal is on a banca (small boat) to one of the resorts. Nearly every resort on the island (there are dozens of them) has a boat to bring guests to the island. One of the easy ones is to take the boat to Paradise Island Resort, then you can spend time at the resort for a while and exit out the back gate to explore the island. The boat trip is only about 10 minutes and cost is very cheap - I think it was P10 or P15 as I recall. The boat to Paradise can be caught just north of the Waterfront Insular Hotel.

The most exclusive resort on the island is probably the Pearl Farm Resort. They have a boat leaving from the Lizada area of Lanang. This is a new spot for them, as they used to leave from the Insular Hotel, but changed in the past few months to this new dock that they built last year.

In addition to these boats, you can also catch boats at the Santa Ana Pier which will bring you to Samal, and to Talikud Island, which is just south of Samal, as well.

Enjoy your trip to Samal!

History of Samal

The Municipality of Samal derived its name from the Isamals who were its first inhabitants. The Isamals were brought by the first and second waves of migration from the Malay Region of Southeast Asia, dynastically ruled by a Datu up to the early part of the American Regime. The latest ruling tribal Chieftain was Datu Taganiog who died on January 28, 1948. Discovery revealed that the latter lived at "Malibasa" (now known as Peñaplata, the poblacion) where he exercised his general supervision. The word "Malibasa" meant honorable. The Isamals lived in perfect harmony as peace-loving people.

When the Department of Mindanao and Sulu was formed by the American Government, the Governor-General created the archipelago into a district municipality which was composed of the Island of Samal, Talicud, Cruz, Ligid, the Malipano Islets and the Arboles (Sanipahan). The district was governed by the District President, District Vice-President and the members of the town council whose term of office depended on the trust and confidence of the Provincial Governor who was the appointing officer.

On July 8, 1948, the District Municipality of Samal was created into a regular municipal corporate by virtue of Executive Order No. 151, issued by the late President Elpedio Quirino. District Mayor Apolonio Mahinay was reappointed by Provincial Governor Miranda as the Municipal Mayor of the Island Municipality of Samal, which position he held until December 31, 1951, He lost the mayoralty position to the late Municipal Mayor Simplicio B. Obenza during the elections of November 8, 1951. Unfortunately, Mayor Obenza died on July 7, 1971 and was succeeded by his Vice Mayor Felix O. Solamo, Jr. who was also defeated by Mayor Galileo S. Obenza, the son of the late Mayor, in November 1971 elections.

On May 28, 1953, the daughter Municipality of Babak was created by virtue of Executive Order No. 586, issued by President Quirino. The division of the old Province of Davao into three (3) provinces ensued. The southern portions of Samal Island was created as the Municipality of Kaputian by virtue of Republic Act No. 4745 dated July 18, 1966 issued by the late President Ferdinand E. Marcos leaving Babak which was the mother municipality with fifteen (15) Barangays. In early 60's, the Municipality of Samal was predominated by Cebuanos constituting 70% the total number of population while the 22% were Isamals and the 8% were composed of Boholanos, Ilonggos, Leytenos, Muslims and others from Luzon. Most of the island inhabitants were farmers and fishermen. There were only few professionals.

top of pagego
Topography

Generally, Samal Municipality is characterized by uneven distribution of lowlands, wide expanse of mountain ranges and few isolated hills. Tayapoc, renowned for its "Puting Bato" or White Stone is Samal range's highest peak towering at 162 meters above the sea level. The Puting-batoSopsopon Plateau lies on its top with an approximate area of 400 hectares.

A number of waterways can also be found in the municipality, though none of them is navigable. The Hagimit FallsHagimit Falls which is approximately 15 feet high, the Binoling River and several other natural springs, namely: Supa, Alibungog, Tagbitinao, Tagbitan-ag, Aundanao, Licup, San Jose and Tagdaliao Springs are among the few popular sites found in the island.

The historical traces of the name of this developing island town came to surface from information gathered through investigations and personal interviews with some native chieftains on how the place got its name. Based on unrecorded history, the place was sparsely populated by few farming natives called Isamals who first settled the coastal areas of the island. There were no known surveyed roads then except for a few trails and pathways criss-crossing the lowland areas. Thick forest and green land still covered the island's virgin soil.

The isolated unnamed coastal area was abundant with leafy shrubs called "tagbak" which were used by the natives in making baskets and containers for their fish catch, storing food and other household materials. The place had been the source of "tagbak", the main materials for their native handicrafts.

The regular "taboan" in the place was near a big tree which the natives called "bakbak". The "taboan" known as bakbak was later renamed as "BabakBabak". It became a landmark and was established as the commercial hub of the island dwellers, inland natives and visiting traders from the nearby communities.

Kaputian was once a part of Samal municipality. It can be found along the westerncoast of the southernmost part of Samal Island. Before it was created into a barangay the locality was occupied by the native people of Samal Island better known as Isamals. The place was, and still is, is by nature blessed with white sand and clear seawater Corals and other marine resources can be seen loitering and littering along its unspoiled powdery white shorelines and pristine waters. Its scenic location was a rendezvous or relaxation place for everybody, more particularly for fishermen who simply wanted to relax and drink local wine called "tuba" after their whole day fishing in the gulf.

According to the early settlers, lush vegetation crowned the Municipality of Kaputian. Before the Second World War, Don Vicente Fernandez together with Don Ramon and Don Pepe Fernandez acquired and cultivated the southern part of Samal which was ruled by Datu Budas. It was during the early period of American occupation when Hacienda Samal and Compana Maritima was founded.

On June 18, 1966 , the Philippine Congress historically made a landmark legislation through enabling laws passed under "Republic Act 4754" that opened the establishment of the municipality of Kaputian, separating it from it's mother municipality which was Babak. R.A.4754 mandate included the islets of Malipano and Talicud Island as part of Kaputian District. Later, Executive order 184 signed by the President Ferdinand E. Marcos, legally declared Kaputian as another municipality of Davao Province.

SYMBOL OF IMMP ADVOCACY

“The Tag Line”

Dali Na, Mobiyahe Nata!

The Garden City Concept: The IGaCoS Development Model

Program Components

Characteristics

> Socio-cultural

- Spiritually-enriched citizenry with a character of being God fearing, consider the benefits that that they received from the government or any donor institution as gifts and accept the hardships that they experience as part of His trials which serve as their motivation for survival.

- Dignified, value-laden and highly skilled people

- Strong sense of belonging where there is group solidarity among the people so that they are not individualistic and look out for the well-being of any group they are part of

- Traditional or conservative ways of life but able to cope up with the complexities of an urban life

- Enhanced city indigenous cultural heritage

- There are adequate services in terms of social amenities and social services and settlements

- An urban center where people are living in safe, decent and well-designed dwelling units regardless of the types of materials used with tenurial security in a sustainable environment

- Quality of urban life where there are no slums, overcrowding and congestion

- An urban center inhabited by people with enhanced core competencies and value-laden having developed an “Isla Nga Maanyag” character

- Other social-related manifestations

> Economic Aspect

- Heightened people buying capacities through sustainable sources of income (gained through government assistance and individual perseverance)

- Adequate services for economic and infrastructure support systems

- A combination of agri-based and technology-based economy and maximizing the use of human resources in keeping a vibrant economy that is micro-capital, micro trade and info-driven

- Other economic-based development manifestations

Priority Concerns

> Spiritual Enrichment

> Value Systems Enrichment

- City of Character Program (CCP) that enjoins all sectors to adopt varying worthwhile “Isla Nga Maanyag Characters that would bring pride to the people like the ff: Humility, Resourcefulness, Virtue, Initiative, Loyalty, Orderliness, Determination, Responsibility, Punctuality, Trustworthiness, Being Accommodating, etc.

> Adequacy in the provision of the instruments for human development (social, infra and economic PPAs, etc.)

Environmental Development and Management

Practicing the Neighborhood Concept: The Overall Physical Development Perspective

A development concept that provides for residences, a school, shopping facilities for goods one buys frequently (such as but not limited to grocery and drugs stores but not department stores or automobile dealers), playgrounds and small parks and with major thoroughfares serving as neighborhood boundaries.

Characteristics

> A pleasant and healthy environment

> A city that would be surrounded by a green environment with gardens set in tree-lined avenues

> Scenic landscape

- Well-maintained parks and plazas and tree parks

- Existence of garden of flowers and driftwood, birds sanctuaries, butterfly and coral gardens

- Landscaped areas at household, institution and establishment levels

> Other manifestations of a sustained environmental development process

Priority Concerns

Maintenance and improvement of existing facilities, attractions and surroundings with such priorities as follows: Hagimit Falls, Botanical Garden, Tree Parks, Puting Bato Development, Bito Development in Guilon, Bat Cave, Government Facilities, Institution/Private Establishments, Facilities, Privately-owned Facilities, Household Facilities, Other Attractions.

Good Governance

Characteristics

> An urban center where there is convergence of undertaking the instruments for human development is attained (Socio-cultural, Economic,Infrastructure, Technological, etc.)

An urban center where there is a strict observation of norms and standards in the implementation of the different instruments for human development or enabling undertakings

- Economic
- Socio-cultural
- Infrastructure
- Technological

> The new patterns of governance is being practiced from individual to organizational or institutional levels

(Transparent, Responsible and Accountable, Modern Bureaucratic Systems at work and Well-managed City Level Institutions, Community and Individual Home Organizations)

> An urban center with highly-manifested well-managed institutions (Individual to Institutional levels)

> Other related undertakings

Priority Concerns

Managing the different instruments for human development or enabling undertakings

- Economic
- Socio-cultural
- Infrastructure
- Technological
- etc.

Maintenance/Enhancement of Existing Governance Systems

- Electronic-Procurement (eProcs)
- Electronic-New Gov’t Accounting System (eNGAS)
- Electronic Legislative Tracking
- Public Service Excellence Program (PSEP)
- Public Service Ethics and Accountability (PSEA)
- etc.

Strengthening Stakeholders Management Capacities (Individual, Family and Organizational or Institutional levels)

Improved Governance Systems Formulation

Other Concerns

How Will Institutional Stakeholders Start the Program Implementation

Designing and implementation of Programs by showcasing various Best Practices in line with the Program principles at institutional levels (Pinakamaanyag nga Institution– Opisina, Barangay, Purok, Panimalay Eskwelahan, Tindahan, etc.)

How Will Individual Stakeholders Start the Program Implementation

Practicing the right values, maintaining a clean and orderly environment and management of the things that they do (at individual, family and community levels or in different workplaces)

Perspective of Isla Nga Maanyag Management Program (IMMP)

Isla Nga MaanyagManagement Program (IMMP)
Towards Becoming an Island Garden City
2005

Isla nga Maanyag Management Program is an advocacy undertaking on the holistic approach towards attaining total development for the City whose success requires the participation of all stakeholders.

It is an advocacy for:

sectoral development convergence with the various sectors ably play their roles towards the direction that they decide to pursue

stakeholders participation by practicing the principles of the program

These stakeholders include the general public (local-based, visitors and guests) non-government institutions like the business and religious sector, academic institutions, people’s organizations, government agencies, both national and local and other sectoral organizations.

Main Activities Under the Program

Advocacy Activities

Management of Best Practices

Significance of the Program

> The development integrity of the City must be sustained and make it still livable in the future as it was yesterday and is today which is the biggest responsibility of ts current generation.

> It was “very maanyag” before, it is “maanyag” today, it must be again very “maanyag” tomorrow, otherwise we deprive the future generation the opportunity to experience themselves how a “maanyag” environment looks like.

> The development of the City is the responsibility of all and should not be taken as the sole obligation of the government.

> The development of the City would be realized in the immediate future if the government, the people and other stakeholders will work together towards its attainment.

> Promotion of the City in terms of its resources (human and physical) and how to manage them.

> The Program acts as the Framework that will guide the government, the
people and other stakeholders towards attaining total development for the
Island that is anchored on the Garden City concept.

> As such, the Program advocates (through advocacy activities) for stakeholders participation and convergence of the things that they do geared towards attaining the vision for the City and manifest the same by practicing the principles (through management of best practices) that are being espoused thereof,thereby promoting the City as a place worth living for its people and at the same time make it as a tourist destination with its highly developed resources, human and physical being considered as the bottom line of its development efforts..

Essence of Development

> the end results of our undertakings is human development

> the essence of human survival is founded on environmental development and management

> the foundation of our success is good governance

Program Goal

To develop the City into an “Isla Nga Maanyag”. “As such there must be set up a development model for the City putting in place various concepts that would make the Island truly a Garden City with its dignified people taking pleasure of a scenic landscape within an atmosphere of good governance.

Program Objectives

> To educate all the stakeholders about the perspective of the Program for them to be responsive and become active partners in the implementation process.

> To advocate for the development of concepts that focus on the three main components of the program, namely; human development, environment development and management and good governance;

> To advocate for the convergence of all sectoral efforts into one dynamic context of development that will lead the City towards attaining its objectives and goals which are the foundation of its Vision; and

> To manage various sectoral practices based on the spelled out
program principles

> To promote the City as a tourist destination with its highly developed resources, human and physical being considered as the bottom line of its development thereof.

PO Served as of April 24, 2009

PO Served as of April 24, 2009

Publish at Scribd or explore others: Magazines & Newspape Business & Law 2008 training

How to Remove sowar.vbs Virus

Here's a step-by-step guide to remove one of the most annoying virus ever - Long Live Sowar (sowar.vbs) Virus.

What sowar.vbs does. When first run VBS/Autorun-FM copies itself to:

Root\Cool USEP Scandal.vbs
Root\sowar.vbs
Windows\SysRes.vbs

and creates the following files:

Root\Autorun.inf
Windows\%ORIGFILENAME%

Whenever a removable drive is inserted, the following files are copied over:

Autorun.inf Cool USEP Scandal.vbs

The following registry entry is created to run SysRes.vbs on startup:

HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run System Restore wscript.exe "Windows\SysRes.vbs"

VBS/Autorun-FM changes settings for Microsoft Internet Explorer by modifying values under:

HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main\Start Page


How to Remove sowar.vbs (Long Live Sowar) Virus

1. Go to Start, Run and type: cmd press Ok.

2. At the command prompt, type in your primary drive location, usually C:

3. You may need to change the directory. If so type: cd \ hit Enter.

4. Type: attrib -s -h -r -a autorun.inf hit Enter.

5. Type: dir and hit Enter. This will allow you to see and confirm the Autorun files.

6. Type: del autorun.inf hit Enter. Repeat the above commands for each drive on your computer including your flash/usb drive.

7. Now search for and remove sowar.vbs, SysRes.vbs, Cool USEP Scandal.vbs

* At the command prompt, type in your primay drive location, usually C: hit Enter.
* Type: attrib sowar.vbs.* -s -h -r -a hit Enter.
* Type: dir /s sowar.vbs Hit Enter.

8. If the file is present, type: del sowar.vbs hit Enter.

* Repeat the above commands for each drive on your computer including your flash/usb drive.
* Then repeat these instructions to search for and delete SysRes.vbs, Cool USEP Scandal.vbs on each drive if present.

9. Exit the command prompt and reboot normally.

10. Disable autorun.

Note:

please don't forget that there are spaces in between

attrib[space]-s[space]-h[space]-r[space]-a[space]autorun.inf

the file should be found now. also, turn off system restore.

Personnel Whereabouts

Personnel Whereabouts

Publish at Scribd or explore others: Resumes & CVs developpement person Business

Pictures of Earth

Pictures of Earth

Publish at Scribd or explore others: Illustrations & Maps spectacular shors of

PO Served As of April 14, 2009

PO Served as of April 14, 2009

Publish at Scribd or explore others: Magazines & Newspape Business & Law 2008 training

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

After 150 Years of Industrialization, Climate Change is Inevitable

The “greenhouse effect” often gets a bad rap because of its association with global warming, but the truth is we couldn’t live without it.

What Causes the Greenhouse Effect?

Life on earth depends on energy from the sun. About 30 percent of the sunlight that beams toward Earth is deflected by the outer atmosphere and scattered back into space. The rest reaches the planet’s surface and is reflected upward again as a type of slow-moving energy called infrared radiation.

As it rises, infrared radiation is absorbed by “greenhouse gases” such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, which slows its escape from the atmosphere.

Although greenhouse gases make up only about 1 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere, they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm-air blanket that surrounds the planet.

This phenomenon is what scientists call the "greenhouse effect." Without it, scientists estimate that the average temperature on Earth would be colder by approximately 30 degrees Celsius (54 degrees Fahrenheit), far too cold to sustain our current ecosystem.

How Do Humans Contribute to the Greenhouse Effect?

While the greenhouse effect is an essential environmental prerequisite for life on Earth, there really can be too much of a good thing.

The problems begin when human activities distort and accelerate the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than are necessary to warm the planet to an ideal temperature.

* Burning natural gas, coal and oil —including gasoline for automobile engines—raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

* Some farming practices and land-use changes increase the levels of methane and nitrous oxide.

* Many factories produce long-lasting industrial gases that do not occur naturally, yet contribute significantly to the enhanced greenhouse effect and “global warming” that is currently under way.

* Deforestation also contributes to global warming. Trees use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in its place, which helps to create the optimal balance of gases in the atmosphere. As more forests are logged for timber or cut down to make way for farming, however, there are fewer trees to perform this critical function.

* Population growth is another factor in global warming, because as more people use fossil fuels for heat, transportation and manufacturing the level of greenhouse gases continues to increase. As more farming occurs to feed millions of new people, more greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere.

Ultimately, more greenhouse gases means more infrared radiation trapped and held, which gradually increases the temperature of the Earth’s surface and the air in the lower atmosphere.

The Average Global Temperature is Increasing Quickly

Today, the increase in the Earth’s temperature is increasing with unprecedented speed. To understand just how quickly global warming is accelerating, consider this:

During the entire 20th century, the average global temperature increased by about 0.6 degrees Celsius (slightly more than 1 degree Fahrenheit).

Using computer climate models, scientists estimate that by the year 2100 the average global temperature will increase by 1.4 degrees to 5.8 degrees Celsius (approximately 2.5 degrees to 10.5 degrees Fahrenheit).

Not All Scientists Agree

While the majority of mainstream scientists agree that global warming is a serious problem that is growing steadily worse, there are some who disagree. John Christy, a professor and director of the Earth System Science Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville is a respected climatologist who argues that global warming isn’t worth worrying about.

Christy reached that opinion after analyzing millions of measurements from weather satellites in an effort to find a global temperature trend. He found no sign of global warming in the satellite data, and now believes that predictions of global warming by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the 21st century are incorrect.

Scientists agree that even a small increase in the global temperature would lead to significant climate and weather changes, affecting cloud cover, precipitation, wind patterns, the frequency and severity of storms, and the duration of seasons.

* Rising temperatures would raise sea levels as well, reducing supplies of fresh water as flooding occurs along coastlines worldwide and salt water reaches inland.

* Many of the world’s endangered species would become extinct as rising temperatures changed their habitat.

* Millions of people also would be affected, especially poor people who live in precarious locations or depend on the land for a subsistence living.

* Certain vector-borne diseases carried by animals or insects, such as malaria, would become more widespread as warmer conditions expanded their range.

Carbon Dioxide Emissions are the Biggest Problem

Currently, carbon dioxide accounts for more than 60 percent of the enhanced greenhouse effect caused by the increase of greenhouse gases, and the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing by more than 10 percent every 20 years.

If emissions of carbon dioxide continue to grow at current rates, then the level of the gas in the atmosphere will likely double, or possibly even triple, from pre-industrial levels during the 21st century.

Climate Changes are Inevitable

According to the United Nations, some climate change is already inevitable because of emissions that have occurred since the dawn of the Industrial Age.

While the Earth’s climate does not respond quickly to external changes, many scientists believe that global warming already has significant momentum due to 150 years of industrialization in many countries around the world. As a result, global warming will continue to affect life on Earth for hundreds of years, even if greenhouse gas emissions are reduced and the increase in atmospheric levels halted.

What is Being Done to Reduce Global Warming?

To lessen those long-term effects, many nations, communities and individuals are taking action now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow global warming by reducing dependence on fossil fuels, increasing the use of renewable energy, expanding forests, and making lifestyle choices that help to sustain the environment.

Whether they will be able to recruit enough people to join them, and whether their combined efforts will be enough to head off the most serious effects of global warming, are open questions that can only be answered by future developments.

How Do Humans Contribute to Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Global Warming?

Throughout most of human history, and certainly before human beings emerged as a dominant species throughout the world, all climate changes were the direct result of natural forces.

Industrial Age Accelerates Global Warming

That changed with the start of the Industrial Revolution, when new agricultural and industrial practices began to alter the global climate and environment. Before that time, human activity didn’t release many greenhouse gases, but population growth, deforestation, factory farming, and the widespread use of fossil fuels are creating an excess of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and contributing to global warming.


Science Links Global Warming to Human Activity

In February 2007, a report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), representing the work of 2,500 scientists from more than 130 countries, stated that human activity "very likely" has been the primary cause of global warming since 1950. (In science, nothing is ever claimed to be "certain" or absolute, which leaves open the possibility of further research and discovery, but the term “very likely” indicates more than 90 percent certainty and is considered virtual confirmation.)

The IPCC report also said that human activity has been a major contributor to climate change since the start of the Industrial in the mid-1700s.

What Causes Global Warming?

Scientists have determined that a number of human activities are contributing to global warming by adding excessive amounts of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide accumulate in the atmosphere and trap heat that normally would exit into outer space.

Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming

While many greenhouse gases occur naturally and are needed to create the greenhouse effect that keeps the Earth warm enough to support life, human use of fossil fuels is the main source of excess greenhouse gases. By driving cars, using electricity from coal-fired power plants, or heating our homes with oil or natural gas, we release carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere. Deforestation is another significant source of greenhouse gases, because fewer trees means less carbon dioxide conversion to oxygen.

During the 150 years of the industrial age, the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has increased by 31 percent. Over the same period, the level of atmospheric methane has risen by 151 percent, mostly from agricultural activities such as raising cattle and growing rice.

The Consequences of Global Warming

As the concentration of greenhouse gases grows, more heat is trapped in the atmosphere and less escapes back into space. This increase in trapped heat changes the climate and alters weather patterns, which may hasten species extinction, influence the length of seasons, cause coastal flooding, and lead to more frequent and severe storms.

What are Greenhouse Gases?

Many greenhouse gases occur naturally, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Others such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) result exclusively from human industrial processes.

Human Activities and Greenhouse Gases

Human activities also add significantly to the level of naturally occurring greenhouse gases:

* Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere by the burning of solid waste, wood and wood products, and fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal).

* Nitrous oxide emissions occur during various agricultural and industrial processes, and when solid waste or fossil fuels are burned.

* Methane is emitted when organic waste decomposes, whether in landfills or in connection with livestock farming. Methane emissions also occur during the production and transport of fossil fuels.

The Properties of Greenhouse Gases

Greenhouse gases vary in their ability to absorb and hold heat in the atmosphere, a phenomenon known as the "greenhouse effect." HFCs and PFCs are the most heat-absorbent, but there are also wide differences between naturally occurring gases. For example, nitrous oxide absorbs 270 times more heat per molecule than carbon dioxide, and methane absorbs 21 times more heat per molecule than carbon dioxide.

Holy Week Manpower and Logistic Support

HOLY WEEK MANPOWER AND LOGISTIC SUPPORT

Publish at Scribd or explore others: Non-fiction Religion & Spiritual bible holy

Trash Can't Remove Himself

PO Served As Of April 7, 2009

PO served As Of April 6, 2009

Publish at Scribd or explore others: Magazines & Newspape Sheet Music & Lyrics 2008 training

Delivered PO as of April 6, 2006

Delivered Po as of April 6, 2009

Publish at Scribd or explore others: Magazines & Newspape Business & Law 2008 jobs

Emmission Testing on April 22, 2009

To all Ending 5 end users emission test is scheduled on April 22, 2009 at 9:30 AM at One Eighteen Pollution Test Services, Babak District, Island Garden City of Samal.

The Japanese Looting of Asia in World War II (Part 1)

You may not know it, but there are literally billions in gold, statues and other Asian looted treasures buried in hundreds of secret locations throughout the Philippines right now. No, this is not some wild, imaginative fiction story written by a bored author on a Sunday afternoon. The story you are about to read is based on years of research, interviews and fact. Absolutely, no fiction involved.

During World War II, Japan’s militarism became a heady mixture of glory and greed as the army and navy embarked upon a binge of conquest and looting, from which Tokyo could not extricate itself. We know a log about the conquest, but amazingly little about the looting. In the Japanese holocaust, millions were killed and billions were stolen, but the loot vanished. One of the great mysteries of World War II is what happened to the billions of dollars worth of treasure confiscated by the Japanese Army from a dozen conquered countries.

The program was overseen by Emperor’s brother, Prince Chichibu and much of the plunder was secreted away in the Philippines. “Recognizing after the Battle of Midway in June 1942 that the war was going badly, a number of imperial princes devoted the rest of the war to hiding the loot ingeniously to give Japan a hedge against disaster. This systematic campaign of looting and hiding treasure, codenamed Golden Lily, was under the direct supervision of Hirohito’s brother Prince Chichibu. Until now, he was assumed to have spent the war on medical leave from the army, recuperating from tuberculosis at a country estate beneath Mount Fuji, nursed by his wife. In fact, he traveled all over occupied China and Southeast Asia supervising the collection of plunder, using hospital ships to carry much of it to Manila for onward shipment to Japan. From early 1943 til mid-1945, he was in the Philippines overseeing the hiding of this loot in bunkers, in vaults beneath old Spanish churches and in vast underground tunnel complexes. Golden Lily stripped Asia of currency, gold, platinum, silver, gems, jewelry, art treasures and religious artifacts, including more than a dozen solid gold Buddhas, each weighing more than a ton. According to Japanese who participated, some $100 billion worth of gold and gems was hidden at more than two hundred sites in the Philippines when it became physically impossible to move the loot to Japan. We have corroborated accounts from eyewitnesses and participants, including Japanese, and members of Prince Chichibu’s personal retinue.”

The wealth looted by the Japanese during World War II was instrumental in financing the resurrection of the Japanese economy after World War II. “Faced with Allied invasion of the Home Islands, and the total destruction of Japan’s heritage, Emperor Hirohito was finally persuaded to opt for a quick surrender. This was a bitter pill, but it allowed Japan to survive the war with the bulk of its assets intact, including billions of dollars of loot that would help put the nation back on its feet. Since the war, the gold hidden in a number of sites in the Philippines has been recovered by teams from Japan and other countries, and these recoveries have been verified. A Swiss court disclosed in 1997 that one of the solid gold Buddhas is now in a bank vault beneath Zurich’s Kloten Airport, along with a large quantity of other gold bullion recovered by former Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos and held in Marcos family accounts. In 1997, a Japanese investigative team from Asahi Television was taken to an underground vault in Luzon where they filmed (and took core samples of) 1,800 gold bars worth $150 million - gold that was stolen from Sumatra, Cambodia and Burma. This gold had been melted down in occupied Malaya, recast and marked in accordance with the accounting procedures of Golden Lily, and then sent to Manila on fake Japanese hospital ships. Treasure looted from China was taken to Japan by way of Korea and hidden in underground vaults in the mountains near Nagano, the site of the 1998 Winter Olympics. Gold bullion aboard ships at the time of surrender in 1945 was sunk in Tokyo Bay and other points along the coast, and some of it has since been recovered.

The successful recovery of this wealth was realized in considerable measure through the deliberate subversion of attempts at reforming Japanese political and economic life after World War II. “Thanks to Prince Chichibu and Golden Lily, when the U.S. occupation ended in 1952 ‘bankrupt’ Japan was able to begin a ‘miraculous’ recovery, on its way to becoming the world’s second-richest economy. War reparations were dodged, the imperial family evaded punishment, and Japan’s financial elite resumed control as if the war had not occurred. Claims that Japan and its imperial family were left virtually penniless by the war would therefore appear to be completely false. War loot also provided a huge pool of black money used by postwar politicians to corrupt Japan’s bureaucracy, bringing the country full circle again at the millennium to the verge of economic collapse.

For decades after the war, the existence of this hidden treasure was regarded by many as sheer fantasy. It served Japan’s purpose to have people think so, while recovery efforts went on secretly. Because the Japanese General, Yamashita Tomoyuke (a.k.a.-The Tiger of Malaya), was in command of the Philippines when it was invaded by the Americans, these hidden treasures have become known as Yamashita's Gold or the Tiger's Gold. Shortly following the end of World War II, Yamashita was tried for war crimes and hung in the Philippines. He never disclosed any of the secret locations of Asia's buried looted war treasures.

During the earlier part of the war W.W.II looted treasures were being shipped back to Japan for badly needed war finances. However, when American patrolling naval vessels made the shipping of these looted treasures to Japan much too risky to continue with due to almost certain loss, another plan was devised.

Investigative reports show that a great bulk of World War II treasures reached the Philippines from the latter part of 1943 through October, 1944, at that period when Field Marshall Count Terauchi was in charge of the Japanese Imperial Forces in the southeast area of the Pacific. He had ordered Admiral Masaharu (then over-all military commander of the Philippines before General Yamashita) and several other admirals and generals (including Yamashita) that all war booties taken from their respective occupied territories comprising Java, Sumatra, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Burma, and Northern India be collected and thereafter transferred to the Philippines.

Japan had always considered the Philippine Islands to be a very important strategic location for military bases in Southeast Asia. Unknown to the rest of the world, the Japanese had a major plan for post war sovereignty, and the Philippine Archipelago was included in this elaborate scheme. Once the shipping lanes became too dangerous due to American Naval vessels, almost all of the loot that the Japanese had accumulated thereafter was being channeled to the Philippines and buried. Their ultimate plan was that when the war was over they were going to withdraw forces from all the other Asian countries, but try to maintain there colonial rule over the Philippine Islands.

Under the banner of "Asia for Asians" they prescribed some reforms in the guise of nationalism. In hopes to win over the Philippine people, in 1943, the Japanese went as far as setting up a "Philippine Republic" and installing a puppet government with the Judge Jose Laurel as president. By winning over the hearts of the Philippine people and later even granting them independence, the Japanese hoped that they would then be regarded as "heroes" by them. This would also allow them to put military bases there as a pretext of "protection for the Philippine people". In this way, they could remain in the Philippines for as long as they liked and take their time to re-excavate the stolen W.W.II loot at their leisure. It was a good plan but in the end it didn't work out--the Americans invaded the Philippines in October 1944.

However, before this U.S. invasion, the Japanese were very busy hiding and securing its Asian W.W.II loot. Elaborate tunnels were dug, some down to depths of a few hundred feet, to the final "storage chambers" where the gold was to be kept. Most, if not all of these tunnels, were booby-trapped and rigged with 1,000 and 2,000 pound W.W.II bombs and poisonous gas. This trick would help deter the buried loot from falling into enemy hands. Detailed maps of the sites were drawn up on rectangular rice paper--all written in the 2,000 year-old Japanese script known as "Kungi", which hasn't been used for the past 150 years. Numerous concrete markers, which were to be left as clues, were also buried at strategic locations that would later lead the looters back to the hidden caches. These markers were in the shapes of different animals and had Kungi writing on them.

In most cases, POW labor was used to dig the intricate tunneling systems. In all cases, upon completion of securing the gold in the pits...the POWs were all executed and buried along with the treasures. In some rare cases, Japanese officers even had their own soldiers killed and buried along with the treasure to protect their secret locations.

In all there were 172 "documented" Philippine burial sites (138 land and 34 water sites) left by the Japanese. This is not to even mention the numerous "private" burials of W.W.II loot by greedy officers and renegade soldiers. There was still much treasure remaining to be buried when the U.S. abruptly invaded the islands. Japanese forces took all of this with them up into the mountains in the northern Philippines and other areas during their retreat, where it was all buried at many different locations.

It is estimated that the total worth of this war loot ranged up to three billion 1940's dollars--the equivalent of over $100 billion today. According to various post war estimates, the amount of gold bullion alone was 4,000 to 6,000 tons. Top U.S. and Japanese sources claim that it would take at least one hundred years to unearth all of these hidden treasures.

If you're wondering why the Japanese themselves haven't gone back to the Philippines to try and secretly recover some of this hidden booty, the answer is: They certainly have...but only a very small percentage of what was actually buried! Ex-president Ferdinand Marcos himself managed to recover several sites (with the assistance of some ex-Japanese soldiers) and that is how he became so wealthy.

However, Malaysia was force to hire investigators to secretly follow traces of Japan’s loot from Malaysia. Decades and millions have been spent to draw out detailed and specific imperial sites of Malaysia’s treasures in different parts of the Philippines. When the riches of Malaysia overheard of the stealth recovery by the Malaysian Government of the hidden treasures, riches kidnapped several investigators forcing them to reveal the sites in the Philippines where the stripped Asia of currency, gold, platinum, silver, gems, jewelry, art treasures and religious artifacts, including more than a dozen solid gold Buddhas, each weighing more than a ton where hidden.

Part of which a billion dollar wealth (chiefly gold bullion, platinum and gems) was hidden in caves and large quantities of bullion at sea, deliberately scuttling ships including the cruisers, sunk with all hands by a Japanese submarine that then machine-gunned all the Japanese crew members who came to the surface.

Ekran Berhad is a Malaysia-based investment holding company engaged in the provision of management services to companies in the Group. The Company is organized on a worldwide basis into investment holding and project management, trading and extraction of timber, construction and property development, oil palm plantation, air transportation and related aerial business, gaming, and hotel business. Its subsidiaries include Ekran Project Management Sdn. Bhd., Ekran Logging Sdn. Bhd., Ekran Timber & Sawmill Sdn. Bhd., Ekran Plantations Sdn. Bhd., Langkasuka Marina Development Sdn. Bhd., Maya Mewah (M) Sdn. Bhd. and Interstate Budget Resort Management Sdn. Bhd., among others Rumored to have recovered billions of treasure underlying Paet Straight, covert their operation by constructing a multi-billion tourism estate while other intelligence officers backed secret recovery operations that netted huge sums. The gold was slipped into the market cautiously to avoid affecting world gold prices. These recoveries continued intermittently over the years.

End of Part I

Lost Plates Available

SE 1637
SE 6917
SE 4475
SE 1645
SD 9659
SE 1714
SE 1512